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Puglia 2nd PURE CDG Regional Visit Report (RVR 2) 2 - 3 May 2010
Pascal Consultative Development Group Chris Duke Academic Director PURE Ivan Grdesic University of Zagreb Roberta Piazza University of Catania Chris Shepherd Vice Chair PASCAL
Recommendations and Key Observations The Region needs a regular way of engaging the universities in regional planning and development, not only over policies for higher education but across all the planning portfolios. A main challenge is to strengthen the engagement of each university in its own province and localities. This may mean formalising some partnerships, despite a preference for keeping things ‘organic’ and informal. This also applies to the Region’s higher education as a system. Each university should engage more specifically with the employment and related economic needs of the Region, and its local provinces and municipalities. This means working with the private as well as the public and civil society sectors for industrial innovation and economic development, alongside the existing social agenda. . The universities should explore commercialisation more vigorously to accelerate development, using already possible kinds of collaboration and joint ventures. This may include new design and technology, new forms of energy production and use, and new kinds of partnership. It could mean building on the traditional knowledge and skills of communities in the Region for new markets in ecotourism, organic and other specialised foodstuff, in a connected way. The Region could benefit from the work of the PURE Regional Innovation and Renewal (RIR) cluster, exploring new ways of nurturing the growth of employment. Distinctive strengths and opportunities for the Region looking beyond 2010 include traditional knowledge and skills, and working in the areas of youth unemployment, transparent governance and active citizenship
The Region should now prepare brief reports on examples of good practice of wider interest in and beyond PURE. The Region and its project steering group should decide which are most suitable. The CDG suggests the following: the philosophy and approach of Regione Puglia to encourage active citizenship through its policies and administrative procedures Bollenti Spiriti and other third sector initiatives The Region as a whole could gain from linking with rural areas in the Scandinavian PURE region and Australia, and with other large PURE regions with a range of cities, towns and rural areas, such as Flanders, Northern Illinois and the State of Victoria. Puglia could be a leading region and ‘site of learning’ for others in and beyond the PURE project. Youth empowerment, mobilisation and employment is an area where Puglia could play a leading role in the ongoing work of Pascal and PURE from 2010.
The Second PURE CDG visit to Puglia The second visit of the Consultative Development Group to the large geographical Region of Puglia with its over four million people, took place over a year after the first visit in April 2009. It was held back to await the completion of regional elections. The first CDG concluded that there was “a clear willingness to collaborate, but there would be benefit in developing systematic processes and procedures that institutionalise that collaboration both within and across all the regional institutions. This may be within the context of a ‘learning region’ which, given the interest expressed from all stakeholders, we feel is appropriate for Puglia.” The report highlighted four themes to consider taking up, for example through cluster activity. These were (i) the Region’s distinctive approach to governance stressing transparency, (ii) quality of civic consultation and active participation; grasping and acting on ‘third mission’ and developing the Region’s capacity for innovation; (iii) inter-university collaboration; and (iv) the full social and economic participation of young people. Each of these remained significant in the eyes of the 2nd CDG. The Group met for a host briefing in Bari on the evening Sunday 2 May. On the three subsequent evenings they joined the core host group, Tiziana Corti, Ettore Ruggiero, along with Michele Cirillo who leads the PURE Sustaining Rural Communities cluster work, for discussions that were helpful and convivial. Our warm appreciation goes to these colleagues for their detailed work and for their generous hospitality. On 3 May the CDG spent the day in Foggia Province, one of the two more rural and economically disadvantaged part of the Region, first at the University which was created by separation of Faculties from Bari in 1999, then in Meridaunia, a relatively
remote rural region in the lower Apennines to the south-west of the City of Foggia, with the Group of Local Action (GAL) and at the didactic farm Masseria Salecchia. These visits offered insights into the mission, areas of expertise and modes of engagement of that University, and of a multi-stranded approach to local regional development in an area seeking economic renewal relevant to local characteristics. It enabled the Group to focus on ‘Sustaining Rural and Remote Communities’, one of Puglia’s priorities as identified by its cluster choice along with Green Economy and Jobs, and Social Inclusion and Active Citizenship. Both of these permeated many discussions during the visit. On the second day there was a succession of meetings in the locality of the City of Bari, with and at Bari Polytechnic, Universus and the University of Bari. Some were in areas new to the PURE team, others like Bollenti Spiriti connected directly to the first visit. Highlights included (i) the Polytechnic’s research laboratory and outstanding facilities for coastal safeguarding, and (ii) the report of the international youth meeting convened in January, as well as the success and outcomes already of the Bollenti Spirit project. The well-attended and well prepared meeting at the University of Bari was also significant. On Wednesday 5th May the Group joined a large Community Workshop convened with the Learning Cities Association at Casamassima, the location of the Region’s only private university. Here well over 100 stakeholder participants from the public authorities, the private and community third sectors, and the universities, examined the universities’ capacity to engender local development using a network approach, with emphasis on participation and sustainability. Among those taking part were Guglielmo Minervini and Maria Sasso, formerly Councillor (assessor or cabinet member) and Director of the Department of Transparency and Active Citizenship, both now moving to new responsibilities in the Regional Government. Also present was the head of the Region’s Department for Universities. The meeting was a significant step and action in itself, and an excellent way for the CDG to experience the potential of the Region and the strength of its widely shared social capital. It also allowed the CDG to hear directly about the results of the benchmarking work of all the universities, and prospects for continuing development, including benchmarking, on the Region’s side. Another valuable consequence of the visit was the opportunity it gave for local stakeholders to engage in mutual discussions. They used the opportunity of the meetings to inform one another, explain to each other their objectives, discuss issues, and argue for their projects and communities. The Pascal group was thus used as a sounding board to debate community problems. This added to the better understanding of regional actors, strengthening social capital, and in the end contributing to the universities’ third mission in both these ways. For the Pascal CDG it may be a good way to understand the local political culture and social dynamic.
Developments since the first CDG visit The Puglia Region re-elected a progressive administration in 2010. Its orientation aligns well with PURE purposes, but puts the Region at odds with the orientation of the national and most other Italian regional administrations. The North-South divide within Italy has if anything deepened. The impact of the global financial crisis was somewhat delayed in Italy, including this Region, compared with many parts of Europe, but it is now felt; unemployment including youth unemployment is rising still higher. Funds for higher education and other public programmes are scarce. On the positive side, the sense of community energy and the reservoirs of social capital within the Region were still more evident to the CDG than on the first visit. Notable among these is Bollenti Spiriti, which mobilises and engages young people, encouraging and supporting the start-up of micro-businesses and other sustainable community-based ventures. The CDG in 2009 was impressed but wondered about sustainability. By May 2010 Bollenti Spiriti had proved sustainability in its work and high productivity in its outcomes. Working in a remote part of an economically poorer part of the Region, the work of the Group of Local Action in Meridaunia in Foggia Province and of the Masseria Salecchia didactic farm was also impressive and invigorating. The recent regional elections were followed by changes in political (‘cabinet’ member, councillor or assessor) and top administrative positions. The Department of Transparency and Active Citizenship is the Pascal partner for the PURE project. By its very concept and title it has a message for other PURE regions. It saw a change of leadership, with Assessor Guglielmo Minervini moving to take over Transport, about which he gave a powerful presentation on thinking outside the box, to the Learning Communities meeting on 5 May. His department head Maria Sasso, who also took part in the 5 May Workshop, is also moving to another department. The overall effect is to extend the links for the PURE project more widely across regional government portfolios. This should assist the process of connecting up the ‘silos of administration’ that are often a barrier to effective policy-making. The orientation and support of the Region’s administration is a vital element to the progress made, along with the energy and persistence of the link person, Tiziana Corte, supported by Ettore Ruggiero the Director of Universus. Despite the difficult economic time and scarce resources, much progress has been made after a slow and hesitant start as a result of the efforts of the PURE regional consultative group. The idea of a learning region had already received attention and interest by 2009. ‘Third mission’ and engagement were not familiar, much less easily accepted, ideas in the universities of Italy or the Puglia region. This is no longer the case.
What have the universities to offer? The slow pace of change in Italian higher education, the influence of national policies and resource constraints, and strong traditions of academic autonomy and restricted internal central policy direction, all make it difficult to transform the Italian and
Puglia university systems and to build a third mission. The CDG member from neighbouring Croatia commented on the severe obstacles facing universities in these heavily centralised regulatory and financial circumstances. Third mission sits outside all this, and there may be no incentive to attempt it. Changed behaviour by the state is required to enable such developments (see Annex 1 for Ivan Grdesic’s comments).
University Third Mission – An Italian Perspective What emerged during the PURE visit and especially during the Casamassima meeting is that, despite the clear motivating factors underpinning the benefits of engagement between higher education and their communities, universities continue to resist the idea of community engagement as an appropriate role for higher education. Some academics suggested that the motivation for Third Mission was just economic, and not for knowledge production. At the same time, community members expressed persistent distrust of the motives behind higher education’s engagement. To move higher education away from traditional values, universities will need to change their own organization and values accordingly. It must be noted that the Italian universities are still unsure of the best way to reconcile the often conflicting demands of research and teaching, and the varying demands made by their external social partners. It is therefore very problematic to implement true reform with regard to the learning region, above all because this requires revising aspects of the way that the universities as institutions are governed and managed. This is largely due to their being unable to relate positively to the cultural, social, political and productive organisations in the region. The universities, in reality, are refusing to meet society’s needs as well as refusing to take on the responsibility for creating and imparting new knowledge, both of which are fundamental to individual and regional wellbeing and to economic development. The learning region hypotheses also appear to be difficult to implement due to weak integration between the agencies operating in the territory. This is evidently a consequence of a culture, present in Southern Italy, which works against co-operation between industry and the university. The reason for this is partly the prevalent idea that intellectual education has nothing to do with ‘real work’, and partly the economic policies used to support the South of Italy, focused on compensatory interventions not rooted in the territory, which is a long way from the rest of Europe and from Italy’s industrial networks in the North. Whilst the university is seen as a centre of excellence for research which produces and then retains knowledge, this doesn't necessarily mean that the completed research can be used automatically by the territory or region. Although the community members meeting in Casamassima agreed that the only body able to promote innovation within the territory is the university, they still viewed the university as an unchanging and impregnable fortress. This view does not give credit for the changes that the university has made - the expansion and revision of its objectives, diversification of teaching offered, collaboration with entrepreneurs, the offer of continuous development courses, being
more open to ‘non-traditional’ students, promoting know-how rather than just knowledge, etc. Critics make the often heard accusation that the University is guilty of self-referential thinking, due to its ‘reproductive logic’ and a lack of competition between teachers resulting in lack of confidence in its ability to direct and/or support change at any level. The probable root of the many contradictory views encountered is the idea that the university is not capable, in its current condition, of creating a learning region. It is not understood that, given the profound changes undergone by the territory and its social fabric, the university must, at least to some extent, revise its mission and organisational structure if it is to succeed. Probably universities do not always have a clear picture of the requirements of a constantly changing society within the territory, or those of the economy and businesses which are key sectors in the development of a country. On the other hand, the representatives of organisations and associations from Regione Puglia displayed great awareness of the university’s lack of responsiveness to the territory’s educational needs, while retaining faith in its ability to play the role needed. The long timescale required for university transformation faces the challenge of marrying up demands that are often contradictory and difficult to reconcile preserving and recording the knowledge of a whole society, creating innovation, being accountable for vital public funds, carrying out scientific research and providing services in a very competitive market. This delays the possibility of working synergistically with the territory as a reservoir for experimentation and gathering information, including the results of scientific research. These is however more potential for change than is sometimes realised, when the will and leadership are there within individual universities, and also among the Region’s universities collectively, providing they can continue working more closely together. In the judgement of the CDG quite a lot can be done within current constraints, if Rectors give encouragement and direction, and if the Region continues to encourage and support this. The academic wealth of the universities already contributes to regional and local development, usually through individual professors often as private active citizens, rather than formally in the name of the university. There are some problems where private employment by professors conflicts with the university itself being more engaged, so that the university as an institution holds back. Other countries have found means to reward individuals generously while bringing this kind of work into the ambit of the university. There are certainly some legal limits on forms of commercialisation; but again there is also room to move. It would be valuable for the sector to explore more vigorously, and to try out ways of accelerating involvement and development efforts, through different kinds of collaboration and joint ventures that are already legally possible. For further discussion of this, see the section below on economic prospects and commercialisation. Between the two CDG visits 13 months apart there is evidence of a favourable shift in understanding and acceptance of the concepts of engagement and third mission. This
was demonstrated in the meeting referred to above, to which the CDG contributed: ‘Comunita che Apprendono - new relationship between Universities and Local Authorities based on participation’. The CDG recognised this shift in the two Bari institutions visited, Bari Polytechnic and the University of Bari. They also found several examples of potential for more vigorous commercialisation and spin-off activity, if obstacles can be overcome (see below). The large and influential University of Bari, which is half of the total regional system and from which other universities grew as ‘spin-offs’, carried out the PURE benchmarking exercise after much hesitation. A large and extended cross-faculties round table meeting informed the CDG of plans and intentions in relation to third mission. A working group appointed by the Rector from many Departments has developed a programme of action. It was reported that benchmarking had brought home just how much needed to be done. If these plans can be realised it will represent a significant change towards engagement, and an important development for the Region. All the universities have to deal with a legacy of weak central leadership and control, such as a short-term elected Rector. High faculty autonomy tends to limit central strategic planning and direction for third mission to advice and persuasion. The Bari Polytechnic facility at Valenzano, which has outstanding equipment and facilities for studying wave behaviour on a large scale, and enjoys passionately dedicated leadership, is already widely used from within the region, the country and beyond. Its contribution to conservation, sustainability and aspects of the ‘green agenda’ is large, and could be extended further. The CDG felt similarly about the University of Foggia’s Interdepartmental Research Laboratory in terms of agrifood production, where there are costly investments of high quality, ambitions, and room to expand, but little clear idea how to go about exploiting the opportunities. Especially at Valenzano, there is a little developed green field site and plans for a very large out of town multi-institutional complex. Ambitions for development have run ahead of the flow of capital resources available. There is not yet a clear sense how to optimise the use and spin-off of facilities and academic expertise for wider benefit. This could include a strong reinvestment and income stream to the University. The analogy of Kaposvar University in southern Hungary is striking. Foggia could benefit significantly from ‘twinning’ with Kaposvar, and seeing how its facilities are used to engage in development across agricultural, animal and human health areas. The CDG found the Rector of Foggia, an archaeologist with enthusiasm for the wider community benefiting from the region’s history and sites, to be a keen advocate of engagement; the group was guided round by a member of the University to whom the Rector had delegated responsibility for developing a new ‘university model’ that will help ‘create a match’ of partnerships in the regional community. These are examples in the Puglia region of EU funds being used for the purchase of sophisticated scientific equipment and construction of laboratories for advanced research. While these may be justified scientific projects, the facilities and equipment are underutilized, and under ‘monopolistic second mission’ use. They contribute little
to the third mission. Planning these types of facilities should be based on a business plan that would secure sustainable use of the hardware. These may be the best ways of creating additional income, and demonstrating the importance of sophisticated knowledge in the community via practical applications in the local economy, crime prevention, environmental protection etc. The university thus becomes a place of excellence and best practices. In terms of PURE, the Region could benefit from the work of the Regional Innovation and Renewal (RIR) cluster, including new ways to nurture the growth of employment. This might include new design and technology, new forms of energy production and use, new kinds of partnership, building on the traditional knowledge and skills of communities in the Region for new markets in ecotourism, organic and other specialised foodstuffs in a connected way.
Benchmarking After initial resistance all the Puglia universities attempted benchmarking by May 2010, using different approaches. The exercise was taken seriously and done thoroughly, in a devolved and participatory manner, so its influence extended beyond any central administrative unit. Not all aspects of the HEI tool worked well in all cases. Deliberate links were made with areas of PURE cluster priority. Feedback to the CDG from the three universities visited, and from the whole sector in the workshop on 5 May organised with the Learning Cities Association, showed how significant the benchmarking exercise had been in requiring universities to think about what they are and are not doing. The CDG was told that people had come to recognise the changes needed to strengthen engagement in regional development. It looks likely that baselines established then will be used to monitor future change in third mission activity. A commitment was made at this meeting on May 5, and subsequently reaffirmed, for the regional administration (Regione Puglia) to undertake matching benchmarking, using the draft regions tool. The Region wants to derive more comparative benefit across PURE regions from this work and hopes this will be considered at Ostersund. Benchmarking had a marked effect especially on the key University of Bari. Here a growing network of professors with environmental interests found that they were doing rather poorly. They welcomed a baseline against which to measure progress. In this is large and highly decentralised University typical of the Italian system, the Rector had set up a cross-faculty committee on environment and sustainability to work on this. A senior Bari science professor at the May 5 meeting committed his University to creating an operating model to promote regional development, while acknowledging that it was difficult and would take time.
Puglia and the PURE Clusters; Puglia within Pascal and PURE Puglia Region chose to be involved in three Clusters. It has focused much of its work with PURE in these theme areas. They are Environment and Sustainability (GSJ);
Social Inclusion and Active Citizenship (SIAS); and the Needs of Rural and Remote Communities. All three featured strongly in the Region’s action programme within the PURE project. Good studies were provided from the Region’s environmental and sustainability agenda for the PURE Green Skills and Jobs Cluster: on water as a common good; on the sorting of waste; and on suitable transportation, specifically for the City of Bari. In relation to the third cluster, the 2nd CDG visited the rather remote and economically disadvantaged province of Foggia, and a multi-stranded local-regional community development project in the lower Apennines south-west of the city. Discussion of access and other facilities needed to deliver economic activities such as tourism emphasised the needs of the local population as much as the requirements of tourism. The area has suffered severe depopulation – from 160,000 to 60,000 in the immediate location visited. Young people leave, often to go North, and do not to return. The uncertainty and slow start to the work of PURE Clusters was made more difficult by Website problems. This caused Regione Puglia frustration and disappointment. As a result the Region had scarcely started to get the benefits of networking and exchange of experience with other PURE regions. More focused links, visits and twinning with other regions and universities will give greater value, if Puglia can remain involved after 2010. There are for example strong similarities of expertise, situation and purpose at Foggia in Puglia and at Kaposvar in South Transdanubia (see above). The Region as a whole could gain from exchanges on regional planning with rural areas in the Scandinavian PURE regions and Australia; and probably by linking more closely with other large PURE regions with a range of cities, towns and rural areas, such as Flanders, Northern Illinois and the State of Victoria (as distinct from just the City of Melbourne). The distinctive character of Regione Puglia means that it can make a significant contribution to PURE, including how its traditional networks and informal personal contacts operate, and in its practical and applied commitment to transparency, participation and active citizenship. Puglia could thus become a leading region and ‘site of learning’ for others in the PURE project and more widely. Much is happening in the Region’s civil society, non-governmental or third sector. Several community initiatives are driven by strong social and civic purposes that tap into established community networks and rely a lot on informal links. Notable but far from alone among these is Bollenti Spiriti. This mobilises and engages young people, encouraging and supporting the start-up of micro-businesses and other sustainable community-based ventures. (In Italy youth extends up to the age of thirtytwo.) The needs of young, people, especially in terms of youth unemployment, mean that the practical experience of Bollenti Spiriti and other third sector or voluntary organisations in this Region could be a resource elsewhere, especially as Pascal in 2010 is considering new work in this area. Links with progressive movements and projects in other parts of the Pascal network could bring reciprocal benefit to Puglia.
Economic Prospects for the Region, the Commercialisation of R&D As described above, the CDG found remarkable energy in the culture and communities of this region of southern Italy, unusually underpinned by the orientation of its elected Administration. Formidable social and especially economic problems are addressed in ways which would be the envy of other countries where the social fabric and traditions have survived less well. The ‘Big Society’ ideas of Conservatives in new UK coalition government shows similar aspiration, but less foundation in the social capital represented by community spirit. Italian universities have been slow to modernise, although we report above signs of movement favouring engagement in Puglia even in one year. It is not obvious how the Region is to develop economically, other than by going with the grain and working with the natural energies and hope of the community. As in many countries, micro, small and medium enterprises more promise than expectations of massive inward investment and the arrival or return of major multi-nationals. At one extreme, for some extended families and small communities, this may be a matter of no more than subsistence. However, quality of life and a measure of security in an unstable and changing world appear to be valued more than high prosperity among some in the region. Entrepreneurialism must be translated into the Region’s situation and circumstances. The Region has however benefited from major inward investment. Strong support from the European Union Structural Funds allowed the construction of high quality research facilities in the universities and polytechnic. Not all these facilities appear to be fully utilised, and the return on investment is unclear. This situation may become critical as European Union funding is withdrawn and the universities will have to look elsewhere to bridge the funding gap. A further issue which the CDG encountered was the lack of interest by researchers in making arrangements with outside bodies for commercial research projects that would use the facilities more and derive additional income for the universities. This could help to offset the future loss of European Union funding. The CDG was told that contracts of employment for professors within Italian universities allow them to undertake private outside work. An extension of ‘commercial’ research contracts undertaken within the university would be unattractive if it conflicted with private activities. Italian universities are good at supporting ‘spin-out’ activities. This support for entrepreneurship could be harnessed to make better and more productive use of the new research facilities. Research activities required by outside organisations could be undertaken by university spin-out companies employing university researchers, who would in turn lease the university facilities. This would enable the university to derive additional income, and the university staff to continue private work within the spinout alongside their university role. An interesting comparison can be made between the University of Foggia and Monash University, Melbourne in micro-biology. The instruments in Foggia are almost identical to those in Melbourne, but are employed for less than 30% of the
time, compared with Monash which operates 7 days a week and up to 24 hours a day, working largely for outside bodies. The pressure on regions and their communities to adapt in the face of climate change and other external factors, including shortages of water, energy, food, etc, reinforce the relevance and importance of universities applying their intellectual capacity and knowledge to support their regions through teaching and research to fulfil their third mission. The Region may wish through the PURE network to invite someone to advise the universities on practical ways to commercialise opportunities like these.
Prospects and future directions Looking to the rest of this year and beyond, the PURE International Meetings in Ostersund, Sweden, in June will review progress in all regions with reports from each. An interim synthesis report with be prepared at the end of the year in time for the Pascal International Conference in Gabarone in Botswana. Pascal’s initial two-year regions’ contracts conclude at the end of 2010. Continuing useful activity after this year will be proposed to participating regions in the latter part of 2010. One decision has been to link PURE regions into clusters’ according to their main characteristics; large metropolitan regions will constitute one such group. This may enable regions to share strategies and experiences more intensively across all the specialised cluster options, including the three chosen by Regione Puglia. It is expected that following Ostersund the work of specialised clusters will gain momentum, reinforced by the cross-cutting grouping of ‘look-alike regions’. The continuation of the network into and beyond 2011 means that the region can gain more future benefit from exchange, especially if this there can be more exchange visits, twinning etc of regions and institutions, as is proposed in this report in the case of Foggia. Ideally Puglia might encourage one or two other Italian regions to join the PURE project. This could give leverage to influence national higher education. Without changes there, the scope for strengthening university engagement will remain restricted, and progress rather slow. If Regione Puglia opts to continue in the project after 2010 it may help to have a third CDG in 2011 to review progress and give expert advice if required. The composition of the group could reflect the priority areas which the Region is concentrating on developing, eg. the chosen cluster areas GSJ, SIAC, SRRC, or the internal structures and arrangements whereby universities can collaborate and engage more effectively. It will be desirable to repeat benchmarking in mid-2011 and see what progress is being made. The Region as a whole may wish to self-monitor the extent to which it is become more of a learning region in its processes and outcomes. Should all or any universities now prepare now mission statements and strategies in which 3rd mission is explicit and embedded? The alternative, as Ivan Grdesic indicates, is to continue informally and on a more individual basis, at least until more momentum has built up.
Puglia should consider whether to create a standing committee arrangement such as a Regional Council for University Engagement. Such a sounding board and forum would guide and oversee collaboration between each university and the Region, and between the different universities as a system. Some things can be achieved by together at system level which are not possible for single institutions. This does not prevent each institution also deepening partnerships and programmes in its own provincial locality. Such a body would have representation from across appropriate departments of regional administration. It would serve as a think-tank on future policy directions and their implications for the universities’ teaching and research agendas. Many regional development strategies require integration of university intellectual and academic effort with integrated administration across different portfolios - for example if a tourist, health and retirement industry is built up to reinvigorate rural areas in decline. The same goes for promoting, branding, and marketing high quality products distinctive of the region. The PURE project invites regions to identify examples of good practice, completed or under way, that they would like to share with other regions. It would be good for Puglia to do this by means of two or three initial examples shared through the PURE Website. The Region and its project steering group need to decide which are suitable. The CDG suggests the following: o the philosophy and approach of Regione Puglia to encourage active citizenship through its policies and administrative procedures o Bollenti Spiriti and other third sector initiatives
Annex 1. University third mission and the political and legal context (Ivan Grdesic) Promotion and implementation of the university’s third mission in European continental traditions faces several obstacles that will not be easy to overcome. Italian (as well as Croatian) university traditions and institutional developments are similar in their heavy regulatory and financial centralization. Laws and rules regulating the institutions of high education and research are all made by the state. The Italian case seems even more difficult with the restrictions imposed by central government on hiring, salaries, promotion and curriculum development. This centralization reinforces the traditional university functions of teaching and research that are both regulated, supervised and finances by central authority. Third mission does not fit into this kind of institutional structures and regulative practices. University and faculties have limited incentives to embark on other things except teaching, research and publishing. Their incentives to do something else are constrained and limited. Doing things outside of the first two missions expected from the state are regarded as a cost. Universities have no interest in developing third mission activity because it is not financially rewarded, and does not count towards better evaluations and rankings.
On the personal level, faculty may be involved in third mission activities, but these will not be taken into account in their promotion, teaching load or research funds. Their motivation is usually only financial or political - to improve their income or use it for a local political career. This may not be so bad. It can be seen as the first step in third mission relationships with the community. If creating formal institutional partnerships between university and local/regional government is difficult, personal engagement may be a useful way to demonstrate potential benefits not only for individuals but also for institutions. Another specific obstacle to embracing the third mission is the possible political interpretation of the nature of engagement. This may be of special importance in social studies and humanities. Working with politicians may ‘taint the scientific neutrality’ of faculty. In scientific fields this danger is different, and is connected with the creation of business relations that may bias the neutrality of research results or influence teaching curriculum to benefit the interests of involved companies. Third mission or applied research or analysis can be supported by state financial criteria giving preferences to research proposals that have third mission components. Developing policy-relevant knowledge or other forms of contributions to the development of community should receive priorities in financial consideration. This can stimulate universities to offer a larger spectrum of proposals. Evaluations and ranking of the universities by the state should include indicators of third mission contributions. Promotion and salary structure of the faculty should also take into account third mission activities.
Annex 2. CDG 2 Programme May 3-5 2010 showing those consulted on the visit 3/5/10 h. Foggia 10.30 University of Foggia The activity of the University of Foggia promoting local development Prof. Volpe, Chancellor of the University Prof. Nigro, responsible for the benchmarking activity Visit to BIOAGROMED, the Interdepartmental Research Lab on agrifood production
h. 11.00
prof. Alessandro del Nobile h. Guided tour to the archaelogic site Faragola, managed by the University of Foggia 12.00 h. Bovino – Foggia
14.00 GAL Meridaunia – Welcome lunch with typical produce. The activities of GAL – Group of Local Action Dr. Borrelli, managing director Remote communities and their proactivity towards local susatainable development – Guided tour to the Masseria Salecchia, a didactic farm 4/5/10 h. 9.00 Valenzano - Bari Visit to the research Lab for the coast safeguard – Polytechnic of Bari Prof. Perillo, managing director, prof. Galantucci h. 11.00Bari Universus Sustainable mobility in the city of Bari: the participatory process, cases and results Eng. Claudio Laricchia, Member of the mobility Task Force of the Municipality of Bari Youth Policy: a work in progress - The FirstLaif platform: an example of active citizenship through the urban games Dr. Ulloa, project manager - The results of the Youth first world Meeting and of the Bollenti Spiriti CAmp Dr. Ranieri and Dr. D’Elia, members of the Hot Spirits Task Force h. Bari 16.00 University of Bari The regional network of Environmental education centres Eng. Marilù Metarangelo ed Erminia Sgaramella, Members of Unit Environment of Regione Puglia A concrete example of third mission a sto environmental issues Prof. Tursi, managing director of the Centre of Experience in Environmental Education – CEEA Prof. Bruno Notarnicola, Prof. Luigi Palmieri, Prof. Antonio Uricchio, Dr. Annamaria Bonomo, Prof. Roberto Gagliano Candela, Prof. Donato Gallitelli, Prof. Luigi Lopez, Dr.
Gianluca Selicato, Dr. Elvira Tarsitano, Members of the CEEA Pro-rettore Augusto Garuccio and Prof. Vittorio Picciarelli from the University “Aldo Moro” Dr. Elda Perlino from the CNR Eng. Aniello De Padova, delegate of the Learning Cities Association for the Benchmark activity 5/5/10 10- Complesso Monacelle – Casamassima 16.30 Learning Communities: new relationship between university and local authorities based on participation See below for list of participants
A 1 Specifica 2 3 4 5 Comune Sindacato privato Università
B Denominazione
C Cognome
D Nome Marilina Angela matteo Pierpaolo Ruolo
E funzionario addetta ai fondi strutturali iscritta Ricercatore
6 Associazione
7 Associazione 8 Media
9 Associazione 10 privato 11 Associazione LIBERO PROFESSIONIST 12 A
Comune di Molfetta D'Abramo CGIL Sciancalepore lorusso Università di Bari Bonerba ASSOCIAZIONE BIOLOGI AMBIENTALISTI PUGLIESI TARSITANO SIGEA Sez.Puglia (Società Italiana di Geologia Ambientale) Valletta Eventi Mediterranei (on-line) Pinto SIGEA Sez.Puglia (Società Italiana di Geologia Ambientale) Fiore Tarantino Sinisi
ELVIRA
PRESIDENTE
Salvatore Domenico
Presidente giornalista/direttore responsabile
Antonello Roberto Nicola
vicepresidente project manager-consulente
GACINA Cooperativa Sociale Comunità Oasi2 San Francesco Di Lernia ARS CLUB – ASSOCIAZIONE SOCIO/CULTURAL E BALICE Ass. LA MATERIA E LA FORMA Genchi FORM360 LAERA Associazione PROXIS Sanfrancesco
GERMANA
COMPONENTE COLLEGIO SINDACALE SPA Presidente – Responsabile del Centro Studi Télos di Oasi2
13 Associazione
Felice
14 Associazione 15 Associazione 16 Formazione 17 Associazione
GIUSEPPE Carmen Roberto Antonio
PRESIDENTE Rappresentante Legale Presidente Presidente
18 Comune 19 Università 20 Associazione 21 Associazione
COMUNE DI BARLETTA Università IUAV di Venezia
DI PALMA TREVISIOL
ROSA ERICH ROBERTO DANIELA Caterina
DIRIGENTE ORGANIZZAZIONE E INNOVAZIONE Docente e Ricercatore, Gruppo Ricerca sulla Sostenibilità PRESIDENTE art director
22 Associazione
G.A.T. (GRUPPO AIUTO TIROIDE) AGRIMI www.viedifuga.it Altamura ORGANIZZAZION E DI VOLONTARIATO AMORUSO
23 Comune 24 Azienda
COMUNE DI CAPURSO Telecom Italia Associazione Insieme Europa Network ITALIA NOSTRA
CARELLA Croce
COORDINATORE ASSESSORE ALLA SICUREZZA E ALL'INNOVAZIONE E GIOACCHIN SVILUPPO DELLE O ATTIVITA' PRODUTTIVE Maria Pia Vertical Marketing
MICHELE
25 Associazione 26 Associazione
De Marzo GIGLIO
Cinzia GIACINTO
27 Associazione 28 Associazione 29 Associazione
“Cittadinanzattiva” “Cittadinanzattiva” Ass. Versus
Lamonarca Lamonarca Lindo
Daniela-Ada Riccardo Vito Valter
Presidente Comitato regionale Componente Gruppo operativo, partecipante della scuola “CAST” Coordinatore Territoriale BAT Vicepresidente PROGETTISTA/RICERCATO RE DIRIGENTE – Settore Programmazione e Strategie Territoriali
30 Associazione
METERS-STUDI E RICERCHE PER IL SOCIALE MAGISTRO COMUNE DI LECCE C.R.A.T.E Onlus – organizzazione internazionale no profit privato
GIOVANNA
31 Comune
PARLANGELI RAFFAELE
32 Associazione 33 privato
Peragine Valentini Perchinenna
Antonio Teodoro
Presidente Apprendistato della libera Professione, settore agricoltura
34 Associazione
35 Regione 36 Azienda 37 Provincia 38 Provincia 39 Provincia 40 Azienda 41 Azienda 42 Università
Associazione di promozione sociale Amoroso RECIDIVI d'Aragona Regione Puglia-Area Politiche per lo Sviluppo, il Lavoro, l’InnovazioneTEDESCHI CONNETTERE di Ezio Palmieri PROVINCIA DI BARI PROVINCIA DI BARI PROVINCIA DI BARI Palmieri SPAMPANI TORIELLO VERNI
Angelo
Daniela Ezio GRAZIA VITO ANGELA Angela Rita Carla Rosa
Presidente Funzionario Servizio Ricerca e Competitività-Ufficio Ricerca Industriale e Innovazione Tecnologica Titolare FORMATORE/ORIENTATOR E FORMATORE/ORIENTATOR E FORMATORE/ORIENTATOR E Impiegata Impiegata tecnologa
Golden Service s.r.l. a socio unico Pizzarelli Golden Service s.r.l. a socio unico De Bellis Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Capozzi
43 Associazione 44 Formazione 45 Associazione
ASSOCIAZIONE DI GENERE SOCIO EDUCATIVA E CULTURALE “CUCCIOLO” CALABRESE CIFIR – ENTE DI FORMAZIONE DISTRATIS
VITO MARIA Rita
VICE PRESIDENTE PROGETTISTA consiglio direttivo responsabile per l’Urbanistica
46 Associazione
47 Associazione 48 Comune 49 Associazione 50 Associazione
associazione Sviluppo Sostenibile Papa Collaboratrice AASTER Consorzio Agenti per lo sviluppo del Territorio Sannicola CONSULTA COMUNALE per L’AMBIENTE di BARI REINA Comune di Corato ULIXES s.c.s. confcooperative Mazzilli Mercurio tribuzio
Carla
Ricercatrice
ALESSANDR O Presidente Francesco Nicola marco consigliere comunale Responsabile progettazione consiglio di presidenza Studente Università RomaTre – Master in Progettazione Interattiva Sostenibile e Multimedialità Resp. Formazione Coordinatrice Generale Regionale Segretario Organizzativo FORMATORE
51 privato 52 Associazione 53 Associazione 54 Associazione 55 Azienda
privato CASARTIGIANI PUGLIA CASARTIGIANI PUGLIA CASARTIGIANI PUGLIA SEAT PAGINE GIALLE Associazione Pugliantropica.it CHT Comune di Francavilla Fontana
Colucci Nitti Annicchiarico Castronuovo Gargano
Giuseppe Simona Domenica Stefano Paolo
56 Associazione 57 Comune 58 Università 59 Associazione
Passaro Lopalco
Roberto Roberta Salvatore Elda
presidente assessore Urbanistica e cittadinanza attiva DOTTORANDO DI RICERCA Dip: SS.P.P.D Vice presidente
UNIVERSITA DEL SALENTO Patera Associazione Sviluppo Sostenibile Perlino associazione l’Airone Onlus – Centro di Educazione Ambientale Casa di Ramsar – Comune di Triniapoli Pavone Confindustria Bari Sestito
60 Associazione 61 Associazione
Giuseppe Gabriella
PRESIDENTE responsabile ufficio studi e sviluppo del territorio
62 privato 63 64 65 privato
privato Agenzia per l’ inclusione sociale Agenzia per l’ inclusione sociale privato
GRASSO Fontana Landriscina TSILI
STUDENTE MASTER ALESSANDR UNIVERSITARIO (Roma Tre), O architetto Anna GRAZIA SEMELI Responsabile staff architetto
66 Università 67 Associazione
Università degli Studi di Foggia Facoltà di S. della Formazione associazione Ceriss Osservatorio Regionale BancheImprese (OBI) associazione l’Airone Onlus – Centro di Educazione Ambientale Casa di Ramsar – Comune di Triniapoli Associazione Culturale Tradizioni Puglia
Contò Vallarelli
Francesco Angela
P.O nel Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Matematiche e Statistiche PRESIDENTE
68 Associazione
Marino
Maria Patrizia Ricercatrice
69 Associazione
Sarcina
Francesco
socio
70 Associazione
Pastore
Nico
PRESIDENTE
71 Regione
Regione Puglia – Struttura di progetto Politiche Giovanili Di Modugno REGIONE PUGLIA - OSSERVATORIO REGIONALE VOLONTARIATO MARZANO privato KREA ASSOCIAZIONE DELLE COUNITA’ CREATTIVE CONSULTA COMUNALE DELL’AMBIENTE BARI Cotella
Cristina
funzionario RAPPRESENTANTE AREA SOCIO SANITARIA – RAPPORTI CON LE ISTITUZIONI Psicologa del lavoro/ Home maker
72 Regione 73 privato
NICOLA Angela Maria
74 Associazione
Lagioia
Cinzia
COORDINATORE TECNICO
75 Associazione 76 Associazione 77 Associazione 78 Regione 79 Associazione 80 Regione 81 Comune 82 Formazione 83 Associazione
NOTARNICOL A FILIPPO Anna Giorgia Francesco Antonella Andrea Lorenzo VITO Teodora
COMPONENTE consiglio direttivo responsabile per l’Urbanistica PRESIDENTE ORIENTATORE direzione
associazione Sviluppo Sostenibile Vavalle Attiva_Azioni APS Franco CENTRO IMPIEGO PUGLIA Fiore Comunità Oasi 2 San Francesco De Benedittis Regione Puglia – Servizio Innovazione Marino Comune di Gravina in Puglia Spegea Tremamunno Carnimeo
assessore Cultura e Turismo Amministr. Delegato e Direttore Segreteria Organizzativa
84 Associazione 85 Azienda 86 Comune 87 Associazione 88 Regione 89 Associazione
Consorzio Costellazione Apulia Palmiotti Associazione Laboratorio Urbano Aperto (LUA) Pròdeo S.p.a. MARTELLO Comune di Molfetta Camero ASSOCIAZIONE CITTA' FERTILE Regione Puglia Congedo Scotti
Eugenio Benedetto MICHELE Fedele Antonio Massimo
Ufficio Gare & Progettazione SEGRETARIO GENERALE PreSIDENTE Assistenza tecnica 8.1 Partner – Relazioni Esterne
UNISCO Network per lo sviluppo locale Avantaggiato
90 Comune 91 Comune
92 Regione 93 Associazione
94 Associazione 95 Università 96 Università 97 Università
Comune di Grumo Appula Comune di Barletta Regione Puglia Servizio Mediterraneo ARCHES costituente Coordinamento Network Associativo Università degli Studi di Bari Università degli Studi di Bari Università degli Studi di Bari ASSOCIAZIONE G.A.T. (GRUPPO AIUTO TIROIDE) Università degli Studi di Catania Università degli Studi di Macerata Università del Salento ASSOCIAZIONE CITTA' FERTILE Agenzia Autonoma per la gestione dell’Albo dei Segretari Comunali e Provinciali Sezione Regionale Basilicata Associazione ZonaEffe/Centro Educazione Ambientale “V. Meterangelo del Comune di Bisceglie/Cooperativ a Prometeo Onlus/Laboratorio Urbano GOS – Giovani Open Space Barletta/Laboratorio Urbano MAT – Terlizzi Associazione ZonaEffe/Centro Educazione Ambientale “V. Meterangelo del Comune di Bisceglie/Cooperativ a Prometeo Onlus/Laboratorio Urbano GOS – Giovani Open Space Barletta/Laboratorio Urbano MAT – Terlizzi
Mastrangelo Fiorella
NICOLA MICHELE
Assessore Pubblica Istruzione, Lavori Pubblici, Funzionario Project leader APQ Linea 2.4 Balcani direttore
Salomone Toffanin
Brigida Renato
Cascella Ligorio D'Aprile Loperfido
NICOLA
COORDINATORE
Maria Beatrice Professore associato Gianvito Fedela Feldia Assegnista di ricerca Dottorando di ricerca BIOLOGA NUTRIZIONISTA SOCIA G.A.T. Dottore di ricerca, docente a contratto Dottorato Delegato all’orientamento socio
98 Associazione 99 Università 100 Università 101 Università 102 Associazione
MARTINELLI Saija Impedovo Campiti ANTONAZZO
ANGELA Laura Maria Antonietta MICHELE Luigi
103 Associazione
Oreste
Maria Teresa
Segretario Provinciale in disponibilità(ultima sede di servizio:Amministrazione Provinciale di Potenza)
104 Associazione
DI CESARE
FERDINAND Vice Presidente ZonaEffe – O Responsabile CEA
105 Associazione
Barone
marco
Presidente ZonaEffe – Respondabile CEA
106 Associazione
107 108 Associazione 109 Comune 110 Associazione 111 Associazione 112 Regione 113 Associazione 114 Associazione
Associazione MIEAC IPRES- ISTITUTO PUGLIESE RICERCHE ECONOMICHE E SOCIALI A.P.S. I Sentieri di Cloe Comune di Melpignano PugliaTurismi Scarl
Dell'Aquila
Gaetano
presidente MIEAC
DESTITO Lanza Manfreda Dealto
JLENIA Sandra Cosimo Marilù Antonio Alessandra Vladimiro
RICERCATRICE PrESIDENTE Assessore “politiche giovanili” ed “innovazione tecnologica” Coordinamento segreteria organizzativa
La Bottega delle Idee Taranto Falerno Regione PugliaPolitiche Giovanili CASARTIGIANI PUGLIA CASARTIGIANI PUGLIA Bianco Mascolo Ramunno
Assistenza tecnica segretario provinciale
115 Regione 116 Regione 117 Università 118 Regione
Regione Puglia – Servizio Innovazione Mandes Regione Puglia – Servizio Innovazione Pepe Cnr Maiellaro
Carlo Antonio presidente provinciale Responsabile di azione linea d'intervento 8.1. “Supporto alla ANGELA partecipazione PO FESR” Margherita NICOLA Daniela dirigente assistenza tecnica PO FESR 2007-13 linea 8.1
119 Associazione
120 Azienda 121 Azienda 122 Teatro 123 Comune
Regione Puglia Daloiso Associazione Ecologisti Democratici (ECODEM) Tota TECNOSEA SRL SPIN OFF DELL’UNIVERSIT A’ DEL SALENTO SCORDELLA Studio Caldarola & Partners Cantieri Teatrali Koreja COMUNE DI BARLETTA Caldarola Ungaro Balzano
Augusta
Coordinatore Circolo ECODEM di Bari
GIUSEPPE Lorenzo Francesco Antonio
PRESIDENTE Managing Partner direttore organizzativo Responsabile dello Sportello Unico per le Attività Produttive